In the early to mid 2000s, there were people who were dissatisfied with the whole Paleo/Primal thing, finding that it simply didn't work as touted. Lots of people started digging, experimenting, and hacking themselves to try and facilitate energy for training, heal digestive and metabolic problems, and simply get on with life. This was at the cusp of the whole craze about probiotics/prebiotics and the so-called "gut biome" which is all the rage these days. Out of this period came some good independent writing and research outside of The Cathedral.
Richard Nikoley and his readers have done yeoman's work on this, with a collection of articles/posts here:
Leaving The Inuit Behind: Hormesis For The Rest Of Us
The long and short of it: the structure of the diet, belied by cultural practices, prohibited ketosis in the Inuit population. They consumed ample carbohydrates, and starchy ones at that from various sources, in addition to a high protein, but not excessively high fat diet. The Masai, another indigenous culture often touted as a model for paleo/primal eating, didn't meet the standard either.