Conclusion: In this study, three meals per day resulted in larger muscle- and strength
gain from strength training when in positive energy balance than six meals per day
over a period of twelve weeks. The reason why we draw opposite conclusions from
short-term studies needs further investigation. More long-term studies are needed to
determine the optimal meal frequency for ultimate gain in LBM from strength
training, and larger groups may be needed to determine an effect of meal frequency
on fat mass. The changes in fat mass had large variations within and between the
groups, making it difficult to draw any conclusions.