Sir, appreciate you coming on here and asking your question. I am also a combat veteran and currently an Active Duty Army Major. I'm really sorry to read you developed Complex Regional Pain Syndrome. I had it myself after my right elbow UCL reconstruction. It sucks, BUT.....whoever told you this was progressive and incurable gave you bad information. Complex Regional Pain Syndrome, both Types I and II, are treatable and there is a very good chance of near full recovery. Perhaps you could make the case that it is "Incurable" because people who previously had CRPS can have short-lived exacerbations, but these can certainly be self-limiting and far from disabling. If the idea is that you have to be completely symptom free forever to be cured, I'll agree with this, but that is a very harsh interpretation of being cured. I have infrequent fits of numbness, tingling, and nerve pain in my right arm but it certainly does not limit my ability to do things.
The idea that it is progressive is absolute hogwash. Symptoms can increase, symptoms can decrease, but it is not a progressive disease process like Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis. ALS is THE classic progressive disease. Primary Progressive Multiple Sclerosis / Secondary Progressive Multiple Sclerosis are progressive diseases. Progressive diseases are characterized by a continuous worsening of the disease itself, or of the physical impairments created by the disease. Though persistent in a lot of cases, CRPS is not a progressive disease.
For just starting out, any cast iron plates you can find on craigslist will be fine. Just weigh them and mark them before using them. An Ohio Power Bar from Rogue is going to give you one of the most cost effective, utilitarian bars on the market. I have used the SS bar from Capps Barbell and it is equally as good, if not better. I wish I had one. The Rogue RML-390F rack is cost-effective, will do everything you ever need it to do, does not require being bolted to the floor, and it my favorite rack for the price. For bench press, if you don't have a competent spotter available, I highly recommend the Rogue Monster Light Monolift Attachment.
Lots of people squat with total knee replacements, but this is a situation where it is very beneficial to have a coach.